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Theory of Relativity
Albert Einstein
Translated by Jun Ishihara
(Lecture at the Zurich Natural Science Society on January 16, 1911) The cornerstone of the theory called "Theory of Relativity" rests on the so-called Principle of Relativity. Let's first clarify what the Principle of Relativity is. Let's consider two physicists. These physicists have all kinds of physical apparatus and each has a lab. One physicist's lab is in an ordinary location, while the other's is in a train car moving at a constant velocity in a certain direction. The Principle of Relativity claims the following: If these two physicists use all their apparatus to study all the laws of nature, one in a stationary lab and the other in a moving train, they will find the exact same laws of nature as long as the train moves uniformly without shaking. We can also abstractly say the following: According to the Principle of Relativity, the laws of nature are not affected by the relative motion of the reference system.